Similarities and Differences between Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)


SLE Similarities and Differences between Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

SIMILARITIES

1. Both RA and SLE are caused by dysregulation of the body’s immune system known as autoimmunity.

2. Both can be managed effectively if recognised early and professional care is obtained by a Rheumatologist.

3. More women than men suffer with SLE and RA.

DIFFERENCES

RA and SLE are very different from each other. Let’s deal with then one at a time.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

1. RA damages joints and causes deformities.

2. It does not usually cause life threatening complications.

3. The disease may attacks the wrists, knees, fingers, feet and ankles.

4. It is usually manifested by the onset of weakness, fatigue, and morning stiffness that lasts for more than an hour. Patients affected of rheumatoid arthritis also complain of progressive loss of appetite and widespread muscle ache.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

1. SLE can cause life threatening complications.

2. It affects many parts of the body including the joints, skin, and internal organs.

3. A person usually develops a rash in the shape of a butterfly on the cheeks and across the bridge of the nose.

4. The symptoms of SLE also including fatigue, hair loss, inflammation of the kidney, mouth sores and loss of appetite.

5. People with lupus arthritis experience joint pain which is not associated with actual damage to the joint itself. In some cases, lupus patients don’t experience the swelling of joints.

6. Lupus arthritis (SLE) is treatable. SLE can be properly managed and treated when the treatment plan is followed strictly.

Feel free to post any queries in the Q&A Section, Twitter or my Facebook Page.

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  11. Dear Dr OP Garg,

    It is a fine work you did by posting the article “Similarities and Differences between Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)”. But I have to make some remarks. Because from a medical doctor’s point of view and considered from a scientific position some meaningful aspect and something very important is missing.

    You don’t bring up laboratory tests! Especially autoantibody testing has emerged as a powerful tool for diagnosing several autoimmune diseases (and, of course, inflammatory rheumatic disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and SLE) in the past decade. Autoimmune diagnostics have become an undispensable aide in differential diagnosis of many autoimmune disorders!

    In a nutshell: autoantibody tests that may be useful in lupus diagnosis:
    - ANA tests, or: antinuclear antibody tests – ANAs are positive in almost all SLE patients!
    - anti-dsDNA (anti-double stranded DNA antibodies) are frequently present, anti-dsDNA titres can fluctuate with disease activity – anti-dsDNA positivity is a very important criteria for lupus diagnosis!!!
    - antibodies to so called Smith antigen, or: anti-Sm antibodies – specific to lupus, but only seen in 15-35% of SLE patients
    - anti-SS-A (or: anti-Ro), anti-SS-B (or: anti-La) antibodies – also found in Sjogren’s syndrome (diagnostic marker for Sjogren’s!!!)
    - phospholipid antibodies – they may be positive

    and – in brief – autoantibody tests for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis:
    - rheumatoid factor (RF) test – in > 80% of RA patients this test is positive, but also in 5 % of people without the disease (“unspecific test”!!!)
    - ACPA test – and that’s new since August 2010: the brand new 2010 ACR / EULAR classification criteria are including ACPA testing now! (ACPA stands for: “anti-citrullinated protein antibodies”, such as anti-MCV (MCV stands for: “mutated citrullinated vimentin”), anti-keratin antibodies, anti-CCP

    For doctors: The above mentioned ACPA assays (exclusively ELISA test systems) are very promising tests for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis. Wikipedia gives a short but quite comprehensive view on ACPAs (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-citrullinated_protein_antibody), as well as some well-written scientific reviews do. If you are interested in scientific papers, please feel free to contact me via the “Autoimmunity Blog”.

    For patients: Further information on Lupus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is available on the MedlinePlus websites: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/lupus.html
    http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/rheumatoidarthritis.html

    Best to you, Dr Garg, make this day a wonderful one!
    Tobias Stolzenberg
    ORGENTEC Diagnostika
    http://www.autoimmunityblog.wordpress.com

    Comment by Tobias Stolzenberg on September 16, 2010 at 7:31 PM

  12. Dear Dr OP Garg,

    It has been impossible to me to post this comment just following the article “Similarities and Differences between Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)” on your blog, I think it is because of technical difficulties. So I decided to place it here. Feel free to cut and past it following behind the post it relates to.

    It is a fine work you did by posting the article “Similarities and Differences between Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)”. But I have to make some remarks. Because from a medical doctor’s point of view and considered from a scientific position some meaningful aspect and something very important is missing.

    You don’t bring up laboratory tests! Especially autoantibody testing has emerged as a powerful tool for diagnosing several autoimmune diseases (and, of course, inflammatory rheumatic disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and SLE) in the past decade. Autoimmune diagnostics have become an undispensable aide in differential diagnosis of many autoimmune disorders!

    In a nutshell: autoantibody tests that may be useful in lupus diagnosis:
    - ANA tests, or: antinuclear antibody tests – ANAs are positive in almost all SLE patients!
    - anti-dsDNA (anti-double stranded DNA antibodies) are frequently present, anti-dsDNA titres can fluctuate with disease activity – anti-dsDNA positivity is a very important criteria for lupus diagnosis!!!
    - antibodies to so called Smith antigen, or: anti-Sm antibodies – specific to lupus, but only seen in 15-35% of SLE patients
    - anti-SS-A (or: anti-Ro), anti-SS-B (or: anti-La) antibodies – also found in Sjogren’s syndrome (diagnostic marker for Sjogren’s!!!)
    - phospholipid antibodies – they may be positive

    and – in brief – autoantibody tests for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis:
    - rheumatoid factor (RF) test – in > 80% of RA patients this test is positive, but also in 5 % of people without the disease (“unspecific test”!!!)
    - ACPA test – and that’s new since August 2010: the brand new 2010 ACR / EULAR classification criteria are including ACPA testing now! (ACPA stands for: “anti-citrullinated protein antibodies”, such as anti-MCV (MCV stands for: “mutated citrullinated vimentin”), anti-keratin antibodies, anti-CCP

    For doctors: The above mentioned ACPA assays (exclusively ELISA test systems) are very promising tests for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis. Wikipedia gives a short but quite comprehensive view on ACPAs (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-citrullinated_protein_antibody), as well as some well-written scientific reviews do. If you are interested in scientific papers, please feel free to contact me via the “Autoimmunity Blog”.

    For patients: Further information on Lupus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is available on the MedlinePlus websites: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/lupus.html
    http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/rheumatoidarthritis.html

    Best to you, Dr Garg, make this day a wonderful one!

    Comment by Tobias Stolzenberg on September 16, 2010 at 9:15 PM

  13. Hi Tobias,

    Thanks very much for reading my blog and suggesting the missing link.
    However, at the time when I wrote my blog, I wanted it to be very simple and easily understood by the general public. I wanted to avoid all the technicalities. The basic idea was to tell that both SLE and RA are different entities. However, I will write a detailed blog post about this topic again for those who understand the technicalities and medical jargon. I will definitely include your feedback there.

    As you would understand that awareness about Rheumatology and Rheumatologist is very little especially in developing or under developed countries. So, the aim of my blog at large, is to increase the awareness among patients and general public. Do let me know of any other subject or topic you would like me to write about. Thanks again.

    Comment by Dr. OP Garg on September 16, 2010 at 9:38 PM

  14. My pleasure, Dr, Garg,

    I am looking forward to an inspiring discussion!

    Best to you, and have a nice weekend
    Tobias Stolzenberg
    http://www.autoimmunityblog.wordpress.com

    Comment by Tobias Stolzenberg on September 17, 2010 at 6:45 PM

  15. sir my wife was SLE positive her ANA 10.4 and Anti Ds DNA was 194.5 IU/ML my concern docter told me SLE cant be cure its cant be treatable disease i crying im helpless we had two lovly docter and one son she is only 32 years so i want to save her life please advise me how tp controld this SLE if there any treatment for this infection i will be come soon in your clinic her LFT,KFT also noraml RF TEST also negetive thank u sir

    Comment by manoj on September 21, 2010 at 7:34 PM

  16. Do not worry. We can control and deal with SLE. If you follow the advice properly, she will do well. You should not despair as so many others including many celebrities had and have SLE, and are now, doing well with treatment.

    Comment by onkpg on September 22, 2010 at 3:48 PM

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  18. nice article, keep the posts coming

    Comment by fenderbirds on October 18, 2010 at 11:16 PM

  19. Thanks.

    Comment by Dr. OP Garg on October 20, 2010 at 1:00 PM

  20. Thanks for the info

    Comment by zerodtkjoe on October 20, 2010 at 2:34 PM

  21. I just signed up to your blogs rss feed. Will you post more on this subject?

    Comment by badmash on October 23, 2010 at 12:10 AM

  22. You’re welcome.

    Comment by Dr. OP Garg on October 23, 2010 at 12:21 AM

  23. Sure, I will. My hectic schedule keeps me quite busy but I make it a point to update the blog at least once a week and try to write twice a week :)

    Comment by Dr. OP Garg on October 23, 2010 at 12:22 AM

  24. this was a really nice post, thanks

    Comment by mackdaniel on October 24, 2010 at 6:32 PM

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  26. hi ….
    i want just to ask about one of cases that SLE & RA are so similar specially at acute stage of SLE & RA when there are no deformities & there are some extra articular manifestation in which the both are so close together ……
    I think that the investigation about the Anti-Nuclear anti bodies & also Anti smooth muscles antibodies along with the anti phospho lipid anti bodies is the only tiny difference between them … Am i right ?

    Comment by A. moro on November 8, 2010 at 9:52 PM

  27. Yes, in intial stages, things can be confusing, but to the trained eye, clinical profile is almost completely different. in still confusing case and also to confirm the SLE/ or Ra exhistence of various auto antibodies can help. These are Anti nuclear antibodies, anti DsDNA and anti Smith antibodies (for SLE) and anti CCP antibodies, Rheumatoid factor ( for RA). However there are entities called seronegative RA and ANA negative SLE. So clinical impression is of para amount importance.

    Comment by Dr. OP Garg on November 15, 2010 at 2:55 PM

  28. About this i can say that Who keeps company with the wolf, will learn to howl.

    Comment by prome on November 24, 2010 at 7:17 PM

  29. :)

    Comment by Dr. OP Garg on November 25, 2010 at 2:16 AM

  30. Good Article

    Comment by Buy Aciclovir Online on December 22, 2010 at 4:47 AM

  31. It had been some time since I visited web site with such quality information. Thansk lots for the useful data

    Comment by Addie Gash on January 6, 2011 at 3:14 PM

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