What is psoriatic arthritis?
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is inflammatory disease affecting joints, tendons and ligament attachments. It is associated with psoriasis, a skin condition, but the timing and appearance of skin and joint symptoms can vary.
Inflammation may become persistent, so appropriate assessment and treatment can help preserve function.
Symptoms involving joints and skin
- Pain, swelling or stiffness in some joints.
- Inflammation of an entire finger or toe (dactylitis).
- Tenderness where tendons attach to bone, for example at the heel.
- Psoriasis patches, changes in fingernails or fatigue.
Some patients also have inflammatory back symptoms. Similar symptoms can occur in other conditions.
How is it evaluated?
A clinician reviews symptoms and checks joints, nails and skin. There is no single blood test that proves psoriatic arthritis; laboratory tests and imaging may be used to evaluate inflammation or investigate alternatives.
Tell the doctor about any personal or family history of psoriasis, even if the skin changes are mild.
Medical and multidisciplinary care
Depending on the pattern and severity, treatment may involve anti-inflammatory medicines, disease-modifying medicines, biologic or targeted therapies, and suitable exercise and rehabilitation.
Some people benefit from coordinated care with a dermatologist for skin disease. Medication choices require individualized medical review and sometimes monitoring.
A painful red eye, sensitivity to light or sudden vision change may require urgent ophthalmology assessment.
Frequently asked questions
Must psoriasis always be visible?
No. Joint symptoms can sometimes precede recognized psoriasis.
Is there a single diagnostic blood test?
No. Diagnosis uses the full clinical evaluation and selected investigations.
Can both a dermatologist and senior rheumatologist be involved?
Yes. Both specialties may contribute to care.
Sources and editorial review status
Medical background information is available from these specialist and public-health organizations:
This page is general patient education and has not yet been individually medically reviewed or approved by Dr O P Garg. It does not replace clinical assessment, diagnosis or personal treatment advice.